胆囊切除术与消化道癌症的风险：一项系统性综述

（南京医科大学附属明基医院肝胆胰外科，南京210019）

【摘要】目的研究胆囊切除术与胃肠道（gastro-intestinal tract，GIT）癌症的关系。方法我们遵循PRISMA(译者注)指南进行了这项系统性综述。借助Medline用预设检索标准对有关胆囊切除与GIT癌症的英文文献进行检索。通过手工查询参考文献的方法得到其他文献。所有文献都得到了全文。从中提取的数据包括：研究类型、病例数、对照、国家、效度、混杂因素的校正和文献质量。采用STROBE(译者注)核查表对文献质量进行评分。GIT每个部位的数据录入不同的表格。结果有75项研究和5项meta分析符合预选标准进入这项综述。入选的研究结果相互矛盾，没有强的证据表明胆囊切除与食管癌（腺癌）、胰腺癌、小肠癌以及右半结肠癌有关。高质量的研究中，胆囊切除与食管鳞癌、胃癌、肝癌、胆管癌、小肠癌、左半结肠癌没有关系。同样，远端结肠癌和直肠癌也没有观察到与胆囊切除有关。文献提出了一些致癌或促癌的机理，这些机理集中在胆汁酸盐对一些潜在突变分子的致癌作用以及作用于GIT代谢激素，这些代谢激素信号可以导致细胞增殖或癌症生成。结论这是一项关于胆囊切除与GIT癌症关系的综合性综述，结果没有显示胆囊切除与GIT癌症之间有明确的联系。

【关键词】胆囊切除；癌症；胃肠道；致癌作用

Cholecystectomy and the Risk of Alimentary Tract

Cancers: A Systematic ReviewMaria Coats, Sami M Shimi（Department of Surgery, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, Scotland）

【Abstract】AimTo investigate the association between cholecystectomy and gastro-intestinal tract (GIT) cancers.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review according to the PRISMA guidelines. A MEDLINE search was performed with predefined search criteria for English Language articles on the association between cholecystectomy and GIT cancers. Additional articles were retrieved by manual search of references. All relevant articles were accessed in full text. Data on study type; cases; controls; country; effect estimate; adjustments for confounders and quality of publication were extracted. The quality of the publications were scored by adherence to the STROBE checklist. The data for each part of the GIT were presented in separate tables.ResultsSeventy-five studies and 5 meta-analyses satisfied the predefined criteria for inclusion and were included in this review. There were inconsistent reports and no strong evidence of an association between cholecystectomy and cancers of the oesophagus (Adenocarcinoma), pancreas, small bowel and rightsided colon cancers. In squamous cancer of the oesophagus, cancers of the stomach, liver, bile ducts, small bowel and left sided colon cancers, good quality studies suggested a lack of association with cholecystectomy. Equally, distal colon and rectal cancers were found not to be associated with cholecystectomy. Several mechanisms for carcinogenesis/promotion of carcinogensis have been proposed. These have focused on a role for bile salts in carcinogenesis with several potential mutagenic molecular events and gut metabolic hormones signaling cell proliferation or initiation of carcinogenesis.ConclusionThis is a comprehensive review of the association between GIT cancers and cholecystectomy. This review found no clear association between cholecystectomy and GIT cancers.

【Key Words】Cholecystectomy;Cancer;Gastro-intestinal tract;Carcinogenesis

原文出处：World J Gastroenterol, 2015, 21(12):3679-3693.