铁过载相关机制的研究在MDS中的重要意义

骨髓增生异常综合征（myelodysplastic syndromes,MDS）是起源于造血干细胞的克隆性疾病,表现为造血干细胞的发育异常和无效造血,导致外周血细胞计数减少、幼稚细胞增多及高风险转化为急性髓系白血病。MDS是血液系统常见恶性肿瘤之一,尚无有效的治愈手段,对人类健康危害很大。MDS中存在明显的铁过载现象,且铁过载能够影响MDS患者的总体生存时间及白血病转化风险,而对MDS患者进行祛铁治疗可一定程度地改善患者的预后。因此,MDS中铁过载的研究引起了广大学者的重视。迄今为止,大量研究表明输血、无效造血、基因改变、线粒体凋亡及ROS等与铁过载发生有密切关系,研究这些因素与铁过载的关系对于指导MDS中祛铁治疗具有重要意义。本文就铁过载发生的相关机制及其在MDS中的重要意义的最新研究进展作一综述。Myelodysplastic Syndromes（MDS） comprise a heterogenous group of hematopoietic stem cell malignancies characterized by peripheral cytopenias and have a substantial risk of progression to acute myeloid leukemia（AML）.MDS,without effective cure methods,is one of the common hematologic malignant tumors with great threaten to people＇s health.The phenomenon of iron overloading is common in MDS,which has a poor effect on overall survival and leukemic progression to MDS but get good prognosis by iron chelation therapy.Therefore,increasing researchers are interested in iron overloading of MDS.So far,many researchers have reported that blood transfusion,ineffective hematopoiesis,genetic changes,mitochondrial apoptosis and ROS were found to be important in the incidence of iron overloading.There is greatly valuable to guide iron chelation therapy to study the relationship between those elements with iron overloading.In this paper,we reviewed the great important and specific influence of blood transfusion,ineffective hematopoiesis,genetic changes,mitochondrial apoptosis and ROS in the mechanism of iron overloading,which there is a great significance on iron overloading- associated MDS.