经病灶手术治疗颈椎骨巨细胞瘤的疗效《中华骨科杂志》

摘要：

目的探讨经病灶肿瘤刮除、分块切除术治疗颈椎骨巨细胞瘤的安全性及治疗效果。方法回顾性分析2006年4月至2015年7月我院收治的6例采用经病灶手术切除治疗颈椎骨巨细胞瘤患者的资料，男2例，女4例；1例行病灶刮除手术，2例行病灶扩大刮除术；ⅢB期3例，1例行扩大刮除术，2例行椎体次全切除术。3例术中行病灶边缘灭活。1例C2骨巨细胞瘤在肿瘤切除术前接受局部放射治疗，3个月后再次行后路及前路肿瘤切除、植骨内固定术；1例C2骨巨细胞瘤在肿瘤刮除术前予地诺单抗辅助治疗；3例术后接受双膦酸盐治疗。采用Frankel脊髓损伤分级评价手术前后患者的神经功能，视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)评价手术前后患者疼痛程度，影像学检查评价术前肿瘤的位置和范围，以及术后肿瘤是否复发。结果 本组6例均获得随访,随访时间25～134个月，平均61.1个月。1例行单纯后路手术，5例行前路手术+后路手术；3例患者行一期手术，3例患者行分期手术，其中2例行2次手术，另1例行4次手术；术中总出血量300～9 100 ml,平均2 142 ml。6例术前VAS评分为2～5分，平均3分，Frankel分级为E级，术后所有患者颈部疼痛均缓解，VAS评分均为0分，术后Frankel分级均为E级。1例术后第2天出现颅内硬膜外血肿，急诊行血肿清除术，术后恢复良好。至末次随访，所有患者均未出现内固定松动及失败，均未发现肿瘤复发。结论颈椎骨巨细胞瘤经病灶刮除、分块切除手术是一个安全、有效的手术方式，可以获得满意的肿瘤局部控制以及预后。

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the safety and efficacy of curettage and excision for giant cell tumor of the cervical spine.Methods Retrospectively analyzed 6 cases of giant cell tumors patients who underwent surgical resection of cervical spine between April 2006 and July 2015.There were 2 males and 4 females with an average age of 31.3 years old (ranged from 18 to 42 years).Among them,4 cases were located in C2 vertebral body,1 case located in C3 vertebral body,1 case in C4 spinous pro cess and vertebral lamina.In this study,all the 6 patients underwent intralesional surgery,3 patients were Enneking grade ⅡA,which 1 case underwent curettage,2 cases underwent extended curettage;three cases were Enneking grade ⅢB,which 1 case underwent extended curettage,and 2 cases underwent subtotal spondylectomy.Three patients received local inactivation of the lesion.One patient received local radiotherapy after first posterior occipital-cervical fixation,and underwent posterior and anterior tumor resection,bone grafting and internal fixation 3 months later.One patient was treated with denosumab preoperatively,3 patients were treated with bisphosphonates postoperatively.The neurological status was evaluated by Frankel classification pre-and postoperatively,the pain scale was evaluated by Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) pre-and postoperatively.Imaging examination was used to assess the location and the extent of the tumor preoperatively,as well as the tumor recurrence postoperatively.Results The mean follow-up period was 61.1 months (ranged from 25 to 134 months).One case underwent posterior surgery,while other 5 cases underwent anterior and posterior surgery;3 patients underwent one-stage surgery,3 patients underwent multi-staged surgery.The mean intraoperative bleeding was 2 142 ml (ranged from 300 to 9100 ml).The mean preoperative VAS score was 3 (ranged from 2 to 5),the neck pain of the patients were all relieved postoperatively,and the mean VAS score was 0.The Frankel grade were E in all 6 patients of pre-and postoperation.One intracranial epidural hematoma occurred on the second day after operation,emergency evacuation of hematoma was then performed and the postoperative recovery was good.At the latest follow-up,no internal fixation loosening or failure occurred,and no tumor recurrence was observed in all patients.Conclusion Intralesional curettage and excision of the cervical spinal giant cell tumor is a safe and effective surgical method which can achieve satisfactory local control and prognosis.