
如何算高危之HIV风险评估——最直观的HIV感染风险排名
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感染HIV风险的 TOP 10:
输血:感染率高达90%
被动肛交(0):感染率1.4%
共用针头(吸毒):感染率0.7%
针刺伤:0.3%
主动肛交(1):0.1%
黏膜接触血液:0.1%
阴道交(女方):0.08%
阴道交(男方):0.04%
口交(主动或被动):0-0.04%
咬、吐口水、颜射、共享性玩具:忽略不计
参考文献:
Donegan E, Stuart M, Niland JC, et al. Infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) among recipients of antibody-positive blood donations. Ann Intern Med 1990; 113:733-9.
Baggaley RF, Boily MC, White RG, Alary M. Risk of HIV-1 transmission for parenteral exposure and blood transfusion: A systematic review and meta-analysis. AIDS 2006; 20:805.
Kaplan EH, Heimer R. HIV incidence among New Haven needle exchange participants: updated estimates from syringe tracking and testing data. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 1995; 10:175-6.
Patel P, Borkowf CB, Brooks JT, et al. Estimating per-act HIV transmission risk: A systematic review. AIDS 2014; 28:1509-19.
Cohen MS. Amplified transmission of HIV-1: Missing link in the HIV pandemic. Trans Am Clin Climatol Assoc 2006; 117: 213–225.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, US Department of Health and Human Services. Updated Guidelines for Antiretroviral Postexposure Prophylaxis After Sexual, Injection Drug Use, or Other Nonoccupational Exposure to HIV—United States, 2016.
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